Dengue

What is Dengue?

Today's topic is dengue an acute communicable disease that's characterized by headache, severe joint pain and a rash that's caused by a single-stranded RNA virus of the genus flavivirus or (species dengue virus) transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes .It is also called dengue dengue or dengue .

Causes of Dengue

The viruses that cause dengue are spread by mosquitoes of the species yellow-fever mosquito and sometimes also by Aedes albopictus. Aedes mosquitoes are usually found in urban and sub-urban areas as they wish to breed in man-made containers like tyres, flower pots and household water. Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are transported to America and Europe by Asian products like used tyres and lucky bamboo. These mosquitoes can survive sub-freezing temperatures, which has allowed dengue to spread to cooler climates.

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of dengue typically developed between 3 and 14 days after an individual is bitten by an infected mosquito.

Classic symptoms include fever, headache and pain behind the eyes, severe muscle and joint pains. The source of dengue's nickname, "breakbone fever", extreme fatigue, rash appearing between the 2nd and 5th day of fever, tendency to bleed from the skin or nose, bloody stools or heavy menstrual bleeding nausea and vomiting

Respiratory symptoms like a cough, pharyngitis or nasal congestion these symptoms usually last for 3 to seven days, at which point the fever breaks. After the fever breaks people either start to urge better or get much worse developing severe dengue. consistent with the planet Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, any of the subsequent symptoms are warning signs which will signal the event of severe dengue, often called dengue hemorrhagic fever or DHF abdominal pain or tenderness persistent vomiting, lethargy or restlessness, mucosal bleeding like bleeding gums or nosebleeds liver enlargement. Fluid accumulation within the lungs or abdomen as shown by x-rays or ultrasound.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever

Dengue hemorrhagic fever or DHF is that the most serious sort of dengue infection.

DHF may be a clinical syndrome defined by four key features increased permeability of blood vessels resulting in plasma leakage into the encompassing tissues and lack of plasma within the bloodstream which makes the blood more concentrated. Low platelet count, fever that lasts for 2 to seven days.

Tendency towards severe or hemorrhagic bleeding

Severe bleeding or hemorrhage is not the most dangerous symptom of DHF. the foremost life-threatening concern is that the leakage of the liquid a part of the blood or plasma into tissue, surrounding the blood vessels. When this happens, not only can dangerous pockets of fluid accumulate where they do not belong like within the lungs or abdomen but there also isn't enough fluid left within the blood vessels to circulate the blood properly, this inability to circulate blood properly is named shock. Shock is life-threatening and may cause metabolic problems and organ failure. Treatment of shock requires hospitalization in an medical care unit or ICU for close monitoring and for the administration of medication that raises vital sign into a traditional range. The term dengue shock syndrome or DSS is employed when an infected person has gone into shock.

Diagnosis of Dengue

Doctors can diagnose dengue infection with a biopsy to see for the virus or antibodies thereto . If you become sick after travelling to a tropical area let your doctor know. this may allow your doctor to gauge the likelihood that your symptoms were caused by a dengue infection.

Treatment of Dengue

As with most viruses, treatment options for dengue will only manage its symptoms. Pain relievers that do not make bleeding worse could also be taken. Intravenous or IV fluids could also be given to assist prevent shock, but frequent blood draws and other assessments must be performed to form sure the IV fluids aren't making the person sicker.

Dengue Fever Vaccine

The first dengue vaccine Dengvaxia was made available in Mexico in December of 2015. This live vaccine which covers all four dengue subtypes is given to people ages 9 to 45 as a 3 dose series. Dengvaxia has been shown to stop about 59% of dengue cases.

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